What causes night leg cramps
"Night leg cramps are contractions of the leg muscles, usually in the back of the lower leg (calf). They often occur just as you're falling asleep or just as you're waking up," explains Heather Sena, MD, who practices internal medicine with Baptist Medical Associates (Middletown).
The exact cause of night leg cramps isn't known. Some experts believe they may be due to abnormal processing of electrolytes - essential elements and chemical substances your body needs for basic functions - by muscles.
Common causes of night leg cramps include:
- Muscle overexertion
- Prolonged sitting
- Dehydration
- Pregnancy
- Diabetes
- Decreased potassium levels
- Certain medications, such as albuterol, niacin, diuretics, and some calcium channel blockers and antipsychotic medications
To help prevent night leg cramps, Dr. Sena suggests the following:
- Drink plenty of fluids during the day
- Stretch your leg muscles before bedtime
"Night leg cramps should be distinguished from another common cause of night leg discomfort called restless legs syndrome, a condition in which your legs have a creepy,crawly or fidgety sensation unless you move them," she adds.
This sensation often gets worse as night approaches. Restless legs syndrome is a neurologic condition that requires different treatment from that of night leg cramps.